Scroll through the posts to learn more about research into Regenerative Medicine.
Free articles can be downloaded here. For articles not provided for free by the 3rd party publisher a link will lead to the publisher where such articles can be purchased.
Use the ctrl-f feature on your computer to quickly see if we have information on what you are looking for.
INTRAVENOUS STEM CELLS AND TYPE 2 DIABETES
The number of people with type 2 diabetes is increasing fast in the Western countries and it is the main cause of kidney failure, blindness and other disabilities. 90-95% of people with diabetes have type 2 diabetes.
What goes on in our body that leads to type 2 diabetes? Click here to read more.
Checkout the full article.
2016 SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF PRP IN OSTEOARTHRITIS OF THE KNEE
A system review published in March 2016 provides further Level 1 evidence that concludes for patients with symptomatic knee OA, PRP injection results in significant clinical improvements for up to 12 months post-injection
META ANALYSIS SHOWS PRP IS BOTH EFFECTIVE AND SAFE.
The meta-analysis by Kanchanatawan (2015) is based on the best 9 studies of the 551 studies that are now available on the subject of PRP vs placebo or hyaluronic acid. This level 1 evidence from a peer review journal concluded that PRP is effective and safe and the "treatment of choice" for mild-moderate osteoarthritis of the knee.
PLATELET-RICH PLASMA INTRA-ARTICULAR INJECTION VERSUS HYALURONIC ACID
A study published in November 2011 involving 150 patients affected by cartilage degenerative lesions and early and severe Osteoarthritis.
Autologous PRP injection showed more and longer efficacy than HA injections in reducing pain and symptoms and recovering articular function.
The Journal of Arthroscopy and Related Surgery | http://www.arthroscopyjournal.org/ | November 2011| Volume 27 | No. 11
COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF PRP VS SURGERY
Compared to orthopaedic surgery, PRP is a safer and significantly more affordable form of treatment. With no associated mortality risk, PRP can also provide fast relief to patients who otherwise would experience extremely long waiting periods for elective surgeries in the public hospital system. See here, a cost-benefit analysis of PRP vs surgery.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PLATELET RICH PLASMA WITH A LARGE OPPORTUNITY SAMPLE IN GENERAL PRACTICE
This analysis of a large number of cases provides valuable information about patient characteristics, patterns of treatment and therapeutic response, from an opportunity sample of self-selected patients attending for specialised Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) treatment of joint pain in the Australian GP context.
PLATELET RICH PLASMA TREATMENT FOR MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITIONS: RESULTS OF A CLINIC-BASED AUDIT
Surecell research data aims to assess long-term progression of pain level in patients treated with PRP. Data presented here was compiled among 95 Surecell patients covering 140 treatment areas. 52 participants were male and 43 were female. The average age of the participant was 47.8, with an age range of 18 – 81.
INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION OF ADIPOSE-DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS
Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cause no serious side effects and satisfy all the ideal criteria for a regenerative medical application. This article summarizes the role of MSCs in Tissue Revascularisation, Stroke, Alzheimer’s Disease and Chronic Diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Kidney Disease.
AUTOLOGOUS PLATELET-RICH PLASMA: A REVOLUTION IN SOFT TISSUE SPORTS INJURY MANAGEMENT?
The article was published in The Physician and Sportsmedicine, December 2010, No. 4, Volume 38.
Clinical interventions in musculoskeletal and sports medicine aim to achieve predictable, rapid tissue repair through the deposition of new, well-organised extracellular matrix to facilitate and enhance wound healing that will restore the high mechanical performance and functional levels of non-injured tissue in the shortest period.
The Physician and Sportsmedicine | www.physsportsmed.org | December 2010 | Volume 38 | No. 4
It documents the success of PRP treatment for a range of joint pain problems, with particular emphasis on the management of knee pain. Repeat follow-ups of patients are planned to assess the durability of PRP’s benefits.
INTRA-ARTICULAR INJECTION OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS FOR THE TREATMENT OF OSTEOARTHRITIS OF THE KNEE: A PROOF-OF-CONCEPT CLINICAL TRIAL
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to have a potential for articular cartilage regeneration. However, most studies focused on focal cartilage defect through surgical implantation. For the treatment of generalised cartilage loss in osteoarthritis, an alternative delivery strategy would be more appropriate. The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of intra-articular injection of autologous adipose tissue derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) for knee osteoarthritis. We enrolled 18 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee and injected AD MSCs into the knee.
There was no treatment-related adverse event. The WOMAC score improved at 6 months after injection in the high-dose group. The size of cartilage defect decreased while the volume of cartilage increased in the medial femoral and tibial condyles of the high-dose group. Arthroscopy showed that the size of cartilage defect decreased in the medial femoral and medial tibial condyles of the high-dose group. Histology demonstrated thick, hyaline-like cartilage regeneration. These results showed that intra-articular injection of 1.0 3 108 AD MSCs into the osteoarthritic knee improved function and pain of the knee joint without causing adverse events, and reduced cartilage defects by regeneration of hyaline-like articular cartilage.
AlphaMed Press | www.stemcells.com | 2014 | Volume 32 | Issue 5
Click here for the full article
ONGOING POSITIVE EFFECT OF PLATELET-RICH PLASMA VERSUS CORTICOSTEROID INJECTION IN LATERAL EPICONDYLITIS
Double-blind randomized controlled trial with 2-year follow up published in the American Journal of Sports Medicine June 2011, vol. 39, describing he effectiveness of PRP compared with corticosteroid injections in patients with chronic lateral epicondylitis.
The PRP group was more often successfully treated than the corticosteroid group.
Click here for the full article.
The American Journal of Sports Medicine | ajs.sagepub.com | June 2011 | Volume 39
PLATELET-RICH PLASMA OR HYALURONATE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF OSTEOCHONDRAL LESIONS OF THE TALUS
Randomized controlled trial with 32 patients aged 18 to 60 years, published in the American Journal of Sports medicine January 2012, to evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) compared with hyaluronic acid (HA) in reducing pain and disability caused by OCLs of the ankle.
Osteochondral lesions of the ankle treated with intra-articular injections of PRP and HA resulted in a decrease in pain scores and an increase in function for at least 6 months. with minimal adverse events. Platelet-rich plasma treatment led to a significantly better outcome than HA.
Checkout the full article here
The American Journal of Sports Medicine | ajs.sagepub.com | January 2012
A NOVEL BIOLOGICAL APPROACH TO TREAT CHONDROMALACIA PATELLAE
A study was published in May 2013 on humans treated with adipose tissue derived stem cells (ADSCs) for Chondromalacia Patellae. Patients treated were subject to pre- and post-treatment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, pre- and post-treatment subjective pain scores and physical therapy assessments measured clinical changes.
One month after the injection of autologuous ADSCs, each patient’s pain improved 50-70%. Three months after the treatment the patients’ pain improved 80-90%. The pain improvement persisted over 1 year, confirmed by telephone follow ups.
PLOS ONE | www.plosone.org | 5 May 2013 | Volume 8 | Issue 5
AUTOLOGOUS ADIPOSE TISSUE-DERIVED STEM CELLS INDUCE PERSISTENT BONE-LIKE TISSUE IN OSTEONECROTIC FEMORAL HEADS
A study published in the Pain Physician Journal, January/February 2012 issue, to determine if treatment with adipose tissue-derived stem cells and platelet-rich plasma leads to the regeneration of meullary bone-like tissue and long-term reduction of hip pain in 2 patients with femoral head osteonecrosis.
These 2 cases demonstrate the presence of stustained, regenerated medullary bonelike tissue in 2 severely necrotic femoral heads and suggest that this rather simple, minimaly invasive percutaneous procedure may hold great promise as a therapy for patients with femoral head osteonecrosis.
Pain Physician Journal | www.painphysicianjournal.com | January/February 2012 | Volume 15 | Issue 1
ADIPOSE-DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS: BIOLOGY AND POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS
Abstract Adipose tissue is derived from the mesoderm during embryonic development and is present in every mammalian species, located throughout the body. Adipose tissue serves as an endocrine organ, functioning to maintain energy metabolism through the storage of lipids. While two types of adipose tissue exist (brown and white), white adipose yields the commonly studied adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). Adipose-derived stem cells provide a promising future in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Due to their wide availability and ability to differentiate into other tissue types of the mesoderm— including bone, cartilage, muscle, and adipose—ASCs may serve a wide variety of applications. Adipose stem cells have been utilized in studies addressing osteoarthritis, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, and soft tissue regeneration and reconstruction after mastectomy and facial repair.
For full article, click here.
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012 / Published Online: 24 July 2012
TENDON REGENERATION AND REPAIR WITH ADIPOSE DERIVED STEM CELLS
ABSTRACT:
Tendon, the crucial element of the musculoskeletal system, when damaged, never restores the biological and biomechanical properties completely. Recently, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have enabled the differentiation of postnatal somatic stem cells or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to different cell lineages and tissues including tendon. In addition, the MSCs, mainly bone marrow derived stem cells (BSCs) were proven to enhance tendon healing. Adipose derived stem cells (ASCs) were shown to be as effective as the other MSCs by their multipotency and proliferative efficiency. However, neither the differentiation of ASCs to tenocytes nor the tendon regeneration using ASCs have been described in literature. Recently, we have studied the effect of ASCs on primary tendon repair in in-vivo model. In this paper, we sought to discuss tendon tissue engineering by focusing on culture of tenocytes, biomaterials, scaffolds, mechanical loading, fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells and mainly on adipose derived stem cells. Tendon regeneration using ASCs might be one of the clinical remedies in near future. In addition, the enhancing effect of ASCs on tendon repair and tendon defects might enable better clinical outcomes in musculoskeletal system reconstruction. Advances in biomaterial technology will improve the methodology in tendon regeneration however, up to date, ASCs present an ideal cell source for experimental and clinical research on tendon engineering.
Click here for the full article.
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy |http://benthamscience.com/journal/index.php?journalID=cscrt#top | May 2010 | Volume 5
IOC CONSENSUS PAPER ON THE USE OF PLATELET-RICH PLASMA IN SPORTS MEDICINE
IOC (International Olympic Committee) Consensus paper published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine on October 2012 describing the use of platelet-rich plasma in sports medicine.
The British Journal of Sports Medicine | http://bjsm.bmj.com/ | October 2012
SOURCES OF ADULT MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS AND THEIR APPLICABILITY FOR MUSCULOSKELETAL APPLICATIONS
ABSTRACT:
There is significant potential for the use of adult mesenchymal stem cells in regenerating musckuloskeletal tissues. The sources of these stem cells discussed in this review are bone marrow, blood, adipose tissue, synovium, periosteum & cartilage. Adult mesenchymal stem cells of bone marrow origin are the cells which are heavily investigated in many studies and have been shown capable of producing a variety of connective tissues especially cartilage and bone. It has recently been suggested that bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells originate from microvascular pericytes, and, indeed, many of the tissues from which stem cells have been isolated have good vascularisation and they may give a varied source of cells for future treatments. Clinical trials have shown that these cells are able to be successfully used to regenerate tissues with good clinical outcome. Other sources are showing promise, however, is yet to be brought to the clinical level in humans.
Checkout the full article, here.
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy |http://benthamscience.com/journal/index.php?journalID=cscrt#top | July 2012 | Volume 7
COMPARISON BETWEEN HYALURONIC ACID AND PLATELET-RICH PLASMA, INTRA-ARTICULAR INFILTRATION IN THE TREATMENT OF GONARTHROSIS
A good recent article from the American Journal of Sports Medicine. It matches Surecell clinical observations. The key points are that the benefit of hyaluronic acid is very transient and does not work for severe OA, while PRP benefit is sustained and nearly as good in severe as mild OA.
Study published in The American Journal of Sports Medicine December 2012, vol. 40 describing the clinical response of 2 patient groups affected by gonarthrosis of which one was treated with hyaluronic acid (HA) and the other one with platelet-rich plasma (PRP).
Treatment with PRP showed a significantly better clinical outcome than treatment with HA. Treatment with HA did not seem to be effective in the patients with grade III gonarthrosis.
Checkout the full article here.
The American Journal of Sports Medicine | ajs.sagepub.com | 25 October 2012
EXPANDED ALLOGENEIC ADIPOSE-DERIVED STEM CELLS (EASCS) FOR THE TREATMENT OF COMPLEX PERIANAL FISTULA IN CROHN’S DISEASE: RESULTS FROM A MULTICENTER PHASE I/IIA CLINICAL TRIAL
BACKGROUND
COPD is a devastating disease affecting millions worldwide. As disease pathogenesis includes both chronic pulmonary and systemic inflammation, antiinflammatory effects of systemically administered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may decrease inflammation, resulting in improved lung function and quality of life. The goal of this study was to assess safety and to perform an initial evaluation of the potential efficacy of systemic MSC administration to patients with moderate to severe COPD.
METHODS
Sixty-two patients at six sites were randomized to double-blinded IV infusions of either allogeneic MSCs (Prochymal; Osiris Therapeutics Inc) or vehicle control. Patients received four monthly infusions (100 × 106 cells/infusion) and were subsequently followed for 2 years after the first infusion. End points included comprehensive safety evaluation, pulmonary function testing (PFT), and quality-of-life indicators including questionnaires, 6MWT, and assessments of systemic inflammation.
RESULTS
All study patients completed the full infusion protocol, and 74% completed the 2-year follow-up. There were no infusional toxicities and no deaths or serious adverse events deemed related to MSC administration. There were no significant differences in the overall number of adverse events, frequency of COPD exacerbations, or worsening of disease in patients treated with MSCs. There were no significant differences in PFTs or quality-of-life indicators; however, an early, significant decrease in levels of circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) was observed in patients treated with MSCs who had elevated CRP levels at study entry.
CONCLUSIONS
Systemic MSC administration appears to be safe in patients with moderate to severe COPD and provides a basis for subsequent cell therapy investigations.
Click here for full article.
Chest Journal | http://www.chestnet.org | 2013 | Volume 143 | Issue 6
A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO- AND ACTIVE-CONTROLLED, HALF-HEAD STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTS OF PLATELET-RICH PLASMA ON ALOPECIA AREATA
SUMMARY
BACKGROUND
Alopecia areata (AA) is a common autoimmune condition, causing inflammation-induced hair loss. This disease has very limited treatment possibilities, and no treatment is either curative or preventive. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a new treatment modality in dermatology, and preliminary evidence has suggested that it might have a beneficial role in hair growth.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of PRP for the treatment of AA in a randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled, half-head, parallel-group study.
METHODS
Forty-five patients with AA were randomized to receive intralesional injections of PRP, triamcinolone acetonide (TrA) or placebo on one half of their scalp. The other half was not treated. Three treatments were given for each patient, with intervals of 1 month. The endpoints were hair regrowth, hair dystrophy as measured by dermoscopy, burning or itching sensation, and cell proliferation as measured by Ki-67 evaluation. Patients were followed for 1 year.
RESULTS
PRP was found to increase hair regrowth significantly and to decrease hair dystrophy and burning or itching sensation compared with TrA or placebo. Ki-67 levels, which served as markers for cell proliferation, were significantly higher with PRP. No side-effects were noted during treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
This pilot study, which is the first to investigate the effects of PRP on AA, suggests that PRP may serve as a safe and effective treatment option in AA, and calls for more extensive controlled studies with this method.
Click here for full article.
British Journal of Dermatology | 30 December 2013 | Volume 169 | Issue 3